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How to Value: Furniture Stores
Industry Description The furniture stores industry retails household, outdoor and office furniture, excluding goods combined with office supplies and equipment (NAICS 442100). Predominantly retailed are living room, dining room and bedroom furniture, upholstered and otherwise. Also included are desks and home office goods, lamps, recliners, rugs and outdoor furniture. The following are some basic…
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The Basics of Chi-Squared Tests
Background Chi-squared tests can be a powerful tool for lawyers dealing with economic damages in litigation cases. A Chi-Squared Test is a statistical test to determine if there are differences between two populations (i.e., sets of data). Chi-Squared tests are used to test based on categorical data (e.g., gender, race). Other tests are used for…
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Changes to FRE 702
Background: Federal Rules of Evidence 702, commonly referred to as “FRE 702”, governs the admissibility of expert witness testimony. This is the revised text of FRE 702: “A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if the proponent…
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How to Value: Machine Shops
Industry Description The machine shop services industry turns raw materials into specified shapes and sizes using tools such as lathes, milling machines, grinders and drill presses (NAICS 332710). Also included are plastic and composite materials fabricated through machining. The following are some basic characteristics of the machine shop services industry: Industry Trends The industry is…
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The Corporate Transparency Act
What is the Corporate Transparency Act? Passed, in 2021, the Corporate Transparency Act creates new reporting requirements for companies regarding their “Beneficial Owners”, the individuals who directly or indirectly own or control the company. For most companies, this will be simple. For other companies, such as those that have many owners or officers, have a…
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Determining Reasonable Executive Compensation
Background For a wide variety of purposes, including business valuation, assessing minority shareholder claims, and the assessment of payroll and income taxes, it is necessary to consider the reasonableness of executive compensation. This is particularly true when the executive is also the controlling person of the business paying the compensation. Valuation analysists do this as…
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How to Value: Food Service Contractors
Industry Description The food service contractors industry provides food services at institutional, governmental, commercial, or industrial locations (NAICS 722300). Locations where food services are provided include airports, food courts, sports venues, and college and university cafeterias. The following are some basic characteristics of the food service contractors industry: Industry Trends The food service contractors industry…
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Reduce personal injury and wrongful death damages by 50% in one easy step
Consider someone permanently injured or killed in their early 30s that: Undiscounted, that is $4.0 million in damages. Using the “risk-free” rates of today (some of the highest that have been seen in 20+ years), results in a damage payout of approximately $2.8 million. If you instead assume the “risk-free” rates will not stay at…
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How to Value: Clothing Stores
Industry Description The clothing stores industry retails new clothing for all genders and age groups (NAICS 4481). Retailed clothing includes men (448110), women (448120), children and infants (448130), family (448140), accessories (448150) and many other categories and segments (448190). The industry also includes basic alterations services, such as hemming, adding or removing seams, and lengthening…
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The Basics of Duty to Mitigate
Many types of commercial litigation include the duty to mitigate. The duty to mitigate is an affirmative duty: a plaintiff must make reasonable efforts to reduce their losses. When a plaintiff does not, then their damages are reduced under the assumption they had taken reasonable efforts to reduce their losses, or they are excluded from…
